Porter Generic Strategies on Indian Automobile Induatry Essay

PORTER’S GENERIC COMPETITIVE STRATEGY Automobile Sector MARUTHI: Low Cost Product – Differentiated service Product Pricing: Maruthi build high walls of safety against competition by its very competitive pricing i.e. pricing as low as possible for the particular product. Maruthi has also been a company that has strived for sustainable development with their â€Å"three R† framework standing for â€Å"reduce, recycle, reuse† in its plants, so that there is a minimal stress on resources emphasizing on low cost while retaining their promise to the customer. Maruthi Product – Target Market – Pricing As important for low cost provider they are also backed by huge economies of scale as depicted below; Customer Service: In the other hand maruthi has been sought by people for its distribution and service availability across the length and breadth of the nation. â€Å"Yes, you can get lost in India, but chances are there will be a Maruti Suzuki Service Station close at hand. Wherever you go, across the length and breadth of this vast nation, our service network follows.† boasts maruthi relying on its widest service network servicing more than 40,000 cars a day. Maruthi has been No.1 in the J D Power Customer Satisfaction Award for a staggering 13 years in a row. It’s a survey that rates the after-sales service experience, one that no other global car market leader has won even once. Source:Maruthi.co.in TATA: COST LEADERSHIP Tata motors is a part of the conglomerate TATA and their focus is to provide cost effective solution to their customers going in line with their mission of â€Å"To be passionate in anticipating and providing the best vehicles and experiences that excite our customers globally.† Source: Tatamotors.com Focusing on values like Integrity, Accountability, Innovation, Passion for excellence with their focus to provide low cost solution ranging from TATA flag mark product NANO. The following picture gives the price list for the cars, Source: Car pricedhekho.com Their economies of scale are one of the highest in the industry signifying the low cost in production also reuse and less emphasis on design features and these coupled with their unique processing of fixing reverse methodology of pricing the product first and thereby innovating and designing so as to fit the price makes them the leader in providing low cost solutions reaching out the customers. TATA also boasts it service network being wide and reachable in almost all corners of the nation but their main focus and strive is on providing low cost solutions. MAHINDRA: DIFFERENTIATION (BLUE OCEAN STRATEGY) Mahindra & Mahindra (M&M) manufactures utility vehicles (UVs), tractors, commercial vehicles (CVs), three-wheelers and gensets. Mahindra was the first mover when it comes to utility vehicles in India and has an indomitable market and place in customer mind when their focus is on performance under optimal price. It is India’s market leader in UVs and tractors and In land, Mahindra has dominant share in all its segments – | Source: SIAM, Company Data, Credit Suisse estimates| Mahindra earns a competitive advantage via a combination of a tractor and UV business in India which face very little or no competition. Mahindra brought in SUV’s in Indian market focusing on raw power and performance with the launch of Bolero and the launch of Scorpio has proven to be a game-changer for the company and has help it transform its image from a people-mover to luxury SUV manufacturer followed by launch of its most-awaited XUV 500 dominating the SUV category with its differentiated products. All this was keenly observed by famous strategist and thinker Mr. C K Prahlad and named the whole milieu as â€Å"FORTRESS MAHINDRA†. Fortress Mahindra means that if you go into a certain mobility business where you can share procurement, where you can share research and development synergies, where you can share logistics, where you can share brand, you can share channel and then create a mobility web where it becomes easier to enter a  mobility business that somebod y else can’t and easier to defend when somebody tries to emulate. Source: Business Today

Business Survival in a Recession Essay

The key to business survival in recession is leadership† To what extent do you agree with this view? There are many different ways in which a business can use techniques to survive in a recession and here leadership is the key focus. To explain fully I will be focusing upon such ideas as the type of leadership management used, motivational effects where a business motivates the demoting factors such as ‘cuts’, for example sack employees to reduce costs that may viable save a business, the role of leaders in setting about change and management in bringing about the idea of change/ new instructions. Yet as well as the positives there are the negatives to a leadership styles and how its managed within a recession, so such factors as limited resources from change, an example being the reduction in the workforce size, the role of stake holders that ask the questions whether one leader is enough in a recession in comparison yet the leadership throughout the whole organisation. Particular business example such as ‘British Airways’ and ‘Sainsbury’ case studies and finally the external factors that inhibit a business chances for survival in a recession. Most certainly one of the most relevant points to make about a business trying to survive in a recession is the type of leadership management that is in place. For a success full leader and many styles can be used in times of desperate measures; here I would suggest during a recession that an Autocratic style of leadership needs to be followed, clear expectations for what needs to be done, when it should be done, and how it should be done. Although for the short term this aggressive direct approach needs to be considered to get a business through the hard times it had to face. For example with Margret Thatcher who was in power during the last recession in the 1990’s had to use this style of leadership to get the country out of the problem, yet left certain problems in doing so. If this is not to be the most productive method of leadership during a recession managers may adopt the Democratic leadership style where leaders offer guidance to group members, but they also participate in the group and allow input from other group members. Although the type of leadership is successful in producing high quality it is less productive than that of an Autocratic leadership style. Motivational factors are essential for a business survival in a recession whether it’s for the employees/ staff or the customers who have the purchasing power. Both these groups need to be aimed at by the higher authorities of a business to allow for a good circular flow of income to keep the business stable in hard times such as the recession. Although this motivation may comes in many different ways some being bad and the others being good, for a business such motivational factors as making ‘cuts’ and redundancies of employees to allow for a business to keep up with costs will see demotivation amongst labour workers but may see improvement in the costs in which they have to pay. Reduction of stock and capacity utilisation will see a lower work ethos, as less produce will be produced. By not overstocking and hoping that it will sell a business may have to adopt a ‘JIT’ or just in time method of production to satisfy orders the have at present rather than in the future. So here leaders/ managers must make the decisions to implement whether to make the changes needed to allow the business to survive for the time of the recession or maintain their current workforce and level of stock and hope the business is successful and can still sell their products. The introduction and bringing around of change is in some cases problematic for a business in terms of the employees views of change and valid in times where its essential to keep the business floating. Such examples as General motor’s, IBM, and Sears are ones that need pushing for organizational improvement, whether they are external members of the board, major investors, or top executives; they must deal with cultural and behavioral obstacles to change. Specifically, attempts at organizational change must consider three key features of organizational life: the firm’s culture, the leadership of the change effort, and the existing network of power. Company culture is important because it can make or break a company. Companies with an adaptive culture that is aligned to their business goals routinely outperform their competitors. Company cultures evolve and they change over time. As employee leave the company and replacements are hired the company culture will change. If it is a strong culture, it may not change much. However, since each new employee brings their own values and practices to the group the culture will change, and with this could include different motivational factors and views of other workers; so its vital for a business to include employees and workers in the changes a manager/ leader may wish to implement so such things as strikes and revolts do not occur. The roll of stakeholders in a business is essential as they can decide where a business should go and what should be done during times of recession. Here employees, investors, sharholders, customers and suppliers are all stakeholders that need to be satisfied in order for them to continue to invest within the business to keep it running. Employees should all see where the business is heading, and where it is heading towards otherwise they might see little point in changes in changes that have been made and may become suspicious. It is very important that the changes are explained clearly to employees and that any fear they may have are properly addressed. Investors are important because the business relies on their investment to finance the decisions that it takes. They may become worried that the business has no overall direction and look for other places to put their money. If they are unhappy this could leave the business weakened and prone to take-over. Shareholders are interested in any decision that effects the dividends that they receive is their share of profits. Any decision that will reduce profits, even for a short while, will not be popular with the shareholders. So here the managers of the business would want to avoid this in such poor economic times, so they would have to consider how shareholders will feel about the decisions made. Customers will be concerned if the decisions affect the price, quality, or service of the product they may change their buying habits if the product does not meet their requirements. Suppliers will want to get regular orders with prompt payment, these may be effected by the decisions made by the business. To conclude I do feel that the key to business survival in recession is leadership. For example a business that had a bad leadership style during the recession was British Airways where Willie Walsh’s decisions where poor communication amongst the companies stake holders saw strikes and grounded airlines. With the limited flights due to the poor leadership the business has lost a large amount of profits and the costs the company has to pay in order to compensate customers; the company now and is still in problematic times to regain the motivation and reassurance of the customers.

Guillermo furniture store Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Guillermo furniture store - Essay Example One of the options available to Guillermo in order to deal with the competition is to go high tech. However, one will have to consider whether there is a demand for these furniture that will make the use of robots feasible. As indicated in the case investing in robots and expanding the production facility is a very capital intensive exercise and therefore the volume required to make the project feasible is very important. Guillermo is currently producing 2,532 units of the Mid-Grade furniture and 506 units of the High-End furniture. If he goes hi-tech he can increase both by 50% to 3798 units of Mid-Grade and 759 units of High-End. Producing is one challenge but getting the items sold is another challenge. In order to determine whether this project is feasible a sensitivity analysis and an evaluation using net present value will be carried out. Sensitivity Analysis Sensitivity analysis performed using the information in the spreadsheet indicates that this project will not yield any p ositive returns (when combined with the current high-End operations) if production levels are not at least 14.2% above current levels. At 14.2% above current levels Guillermo would be producing 2892 units of Mid-Grade and 578 units of High-End furniture. See Appendix 1 for results. Broker Another option open to Guillermo is to become a distributor in North America for a Norwegian company. This project will involve an expansion in the facility to accommodate the increased production. It will also involve the use of robots. Sensitivity Analysis Sensitivity analysis using the information given in the excel spreadsheet indicates that Guillermo would not be able to yield any profits on being a Broker if the level of sales is not at least 38.3% above current production levels. See Appendix 1 for details. Therefore, this project will not be able to withstand any large fluctuations in demand. The Weighted Average Cost of Capital (WACC) The formula for calculating WACC is as follows: WACC = E/(D+E)re + D/(D+E) (1-T)rd = (1-L)re + L(1-T)rd Where, E is shareholders’ equity D is debt T is the tax rate L is leverage re is the cost of shareholders funds, for which ROE is used in this question ROE = (profit after tax/shareholders’ funds) x100% = 24,695/235805 x 100% = 10.5% rd is the cost of debt, for which the interest rate on the building financed 12 years ago is adjusted for a 3% per annum rate of inflation = 10..4% Leverage = D/(D + E) Leverage = 936,628/1,172,433 = 0.8 Therefore, L = 0.8 and (1-L) = 0.2 WACC = 0.2 x 10.5 + 0.8 + (1 – 0.42)10.4 = 2% + 5% = 7% This is the current WACC and is the lowest return expected. Therefore, it will be used to calculate the NPV Evaluation Techniques Emery et al (2007) states that: â€Å"when making capital budgeting decisions, a firm evaluates the expected future cash flows in relation to the required initial investment. The objective is to find investment projects that will add value to the firm.† The rol e of management is to analyze each option to determine which method would result in more profits and therefore yield more benefits for the company. There are a number of techniques available to determine which project is more feasible. These techniques include payback period, accounting rate of return (ARR), net present values (NPV) and internal rate of return (IRR). The two options available to Guillermo can be assessed using these techniques. Payback Period The payback period indicates the length of time that the project takes to recover the initial investment (Brigham and Ehrhardt, 2005). This method is biased towards short term projects. â€Å"Investments with longer payback periods are often more risky than those with shorter payback periods. This is because the shorter the payback period, the lower the risk that market conditions can render the initial inv

Interview witih a Business Owner Research Paper

Interview witih a Business Owner - Research Paper Example The concentration is therefore on delivering an advertising message which is comprehensive, complete and covered from all angles. Jack decided to pursue this business because he did his Masters in Advertising from one of the most well-known universities in America. His interest in advertising is one of the reasons why he wanted to make it a career for himself, and thus the fact that he now owns this advertising agency. He did his internship at JWT which is again one of the more renowned advertising agencies in the world, and at Ogilvy, which has a name for its own self in the advertising ranks nonetheless. These are some of the most basic reasons why he is into advertising and the manner in which he brings a comfort level to it goes to show that he will continue to remain an entrepreneur even in the times to come. The business form of this advertising agency is in the form of an individually-owned company where Jack holds all the shares of the agency. He is the sole person who is responsible for all the actions, financial issues and strategic moves of the advertising agency and everyone reports directly to him. He is not answerable to anyone which is indeed a definite positive on his part. The other advantages include the fact that he has the maximum profits and can take home whatever he wants because it is his business at the end of the day. The disadvantages include the manner in which he has to make-do with employee morale, losses in income, clients moving out and so on. Therefore the advantages and disadvantages stand head to head with one another when one understands the due role of ownership by Jack in comparison with other business forms. The challenges and rewards of business ownership when understood from Jack’s angle are varied. This is because he has to set the basis of comprehending where he is having a tough time and what kind

Formal Education Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Formal Education - Essay Example Studies have found that de-regulation and flexible labour markets lead to the strongest results as well as create social balance within the economic classes buoying commercial and national economics as well as stability. As societies move away from focusing on manufactured products the government seeks to encourage â€Å"knowledge workers† in order to increase competitiveness. Knowledge is not seen as an individual effort, but a collective one based on social interaction that forms an ever growing web linking families, organizations, businesses, and ultimately local, national, and international economies. In order for businesses to insure their workers have access to information-based learning, they have altered the learning delivery systems. No longer confined to expensive schooling at stagnant locations which do not respond to customer needs, education now means various sites and access points for open and distance learning based on information and communication technology. The Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) represents one of the strongest, centralized training organizations in the field of lifelong learning. The 2006 Leitch Review reveals this system operates by â€Å"top-down, command and control targets set by the centres with minimal consultation.† III: Government Policies and Attitudes on the Purpose of Lifelong Learning Shifting away from the previous government’s focus on what Bartlett and Burton labeled â€Å"the third way,† the New Labour Party has abolished or replaced the National Training Organisations (NTOs,) the NTOs National Council, Training and Enterprise Councils (TECs), the TEX National Council, and the Further Education Funding Council for England, the LSC and local learning and skills councils, the... This paper approves that although the current Conservative-Liberal Democratic Government is attempting to provide skills development to insure increased productivity and inter-generational social mobility that in turn reduces poverty and social inequality, 22 percent of jobs remain low paid. Programs attempt to operate inclusively to attract even reluctant and â€Å"non-traditional† learners offering them avenues to evolve their sense of self-identity and control over and responsibility for their livelihoods. However, it is important to consider how the recent economic downturn has affected the government’s and the average citizen’s ability to invest funds in these programs. At the same time, education remains one of the most vital long-term solutions to national and individual competitiveness. This essay makes a conclusion that in conclusion, David Blunkett, Secretary of State for Learning and Education, stated â€Å"Learning is the key to prosperity - for each of us as individuals, as well as for the nation as a whole. This is why the Government has put learning at the heart of its ambition.† According to Field for government, learning that is both lifelong and life-wide relates to globalisation, competitiveness and innovation and connects to issues such as â€Å"population ageing, social inclusion, public health, migrant assimilation and active citizenship.† Therefore, formal learning as related to lifelong learning functions as an essential cornerstone of effective government policy serving a fundamental purpose within England to ensure a satisfied citizenry who is able to compete within the Information Age.

Genetically modified animals Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Genetically modified animals - Research Paper Example It is imperative to modify the DNA of the germ line cells during the process of creating genetically modified animals. By modifying the DNA of germline cells, it becomes easier for the modified DNA to be inheritable (Starr, Evers, & Starr, 2013). While introducing the foreign DNA, it is necessary to consider only those that have the capacity to differentiate into different cells of an adult animal. Besides, the embryonic stem (ES) cells and cells of embryos at very early stages might also be considered for the process of creating genetically modified animals. Even though such cells are post-zygotic, they clearly represent a development phase characterized by incomplete separation of the germline and the soma (Starr, Evers, & Starr, 2013). In essence, such cells usually have the capacity to give rise to both the germline and somatic cells. Apparently, a transgenic animal is normally produced when a foreign DNA molecule is introduced into the cell of an animal through artificial means. The transgene (the foreign DNA molecule) may contain just one or several genes. The transgenic animal produced upon inserting a transgene into the already fertilized cells or oocyte from the early embryo, will be able to transmit the foreign DNA in its germline (Starr, Evers, & Starr, 2013). ... Incidentally, gene targeting has only been possible in mice while efforts to employ it in other mammals have proven futile (Forman, 2010). The design of several new animal of human disease has been necessitated by the ability of the transgenic mice to perform specific changes in a prearranged or predetermined gene via gene targeting. In addition, other experimental approach that involves genetic manipulation of various animal species has highly influenced the genetic engineering procedure (Forman, 2010). The somatic cell nuclear transfer procedure has ushered in a new era in mammalian genetics. For the first time in history, the procedure approved the cloning of an adult mammal. Social and Ethical Implications Various social groups have come out as the strongest opponents of the efforts to adopt the genetically modified animals. For example, different religious groups consider GMOs as a gross violation of the fundamental tenets that have kept society moving (Nelson 2001). Incidentall y, many of the religious faiths believe in creation. However, a scenario where man seems to have the powers to create or even modify an animal generally violates the values, ethics, and morals associated with the society. Today, most scientists are finding it much easier to interbreed and genetically manipulate the organism following the discovery of DNA. In essence, biomedical scientists can now build animals at the microscopic level (Nelson 2001). This scenario goes against Christian or even the Islamic faith as they always believe the power to create organisms is a reserve of the Supreme Being. On social grounds, vets now find it easier and even economical to treat

The Gospel of Mark, Acts and Ephesians Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The Gospel of Mark, Acts and Ephesians - Essay Example The Gospel of Mark is a historical narrative of the affairs and the person of Jesus Christ. Nevertheless, it cannot be called a biographical narrative. It says nothing about Jesus birth, childhood, family, and education. In Gospel of Mark, there is no attempt to describe any period of Jesus life in detail. It is almost a continuous series of episodes from the life of Christ. The last week of Jesus life is described in more detail. Mark’s approach is characterized by a special objectivity. In his narrative, there are no comments, and the events seem to say for themselves. There is no attempt to hide or exaggerate the supernatural aspects of Jesus life. Miracles performed by Jesus are always associated with the extreme need of any person (1:34, 1:41, 2:12, 3:10, 4:39, 5:29, 6:56, 7:30, 8:25, 9:27, 10:52, ). They are performed not in order to surprise the crowd, but in order to help people. The narrative is constructed as if Jesus is calmly and confidently moving towards His goal , making it clear that the outcome of his ministry will be a resurrection (8:31, 9:31, 10:34). Mark leaves the reader to decide him/herself whether Jesus is only a man. The main Mark’s goal is evangelism that is an attempt to introduce the person of Christ and His work as a new message - "Gospel" (in the truest sense of the word). Marks narration does not involve theological training and knowledge of the Old Testament. His short stories, apt comments, and aphorisms may be the characteristic of a preacher, addressing to a diverse street crowd. One cannot state that the Gospel of Mark is the sample of a literary style, however, it conveys the image of Christ with remarkable accuracy and power. Â  

Problem question on consideration and promissory estoppel Coursework - 1

Problem question on consideration and promissory estoppel - Coursework Example The two lecturers wish to remain anonymous throughout the programmes. The Jubilee Media has contracted Bobby Bodgit Ltd (BB), a construction company to build a studio for filming and Voice Over facilities to safeguard the identity of the lecturers. The contractor has promised to complete the work in twelve weeks. However, after eight weeks the contractor claims that the work requires an additional eight weeks to complete and the value of the contract has to be increased by  £100,000 due to increase in the cost of labour. The Jubilee Media has agreed to pay the additional amount to the BB contractor due to the importance of the event. The Jubilee Media hired to Voice Over experts and an editing engineer to edit the voices of the lecturers. The two exerts are supposed to be paid  £1,500 each while the engineer was supposed to receive  £2,000. However, after paying the contractor the additional sum of  £100,000 the Media gets into financial difficulties and offers to pay the voice editors and  £1000 each of which they agreed to take reluctantly. Media should extend the contract period by eight weeks as requested by the contractor. Also, there is another issue as to whether the two Voice Over editors and the Voice Over engineer should accept the payment of  £1000 each from the Jubilee Media as a settlement of the entire amount or whether they should claim for the balances in accordance to the terms of contract. The issue focuses on whether these parties terminate the contract in case the other party decides to breach the agreement. The court has to determine whether the unwritten promises can form a bidding agreement between the parties. Jubilee should claim the additional  £100,000 paid to the contractor BB and request the contractor to complete the contract within the agreed duration of twelve weeks. Similarly, the Voice Over engineer should claim for the remaining balance of  £1,000 from the Jubilee Media after completing the contractual obligation. Finally,

Investment in Libyan Oil Industry Dissertation

Investment in Libyan Oil Industry - Dissertation Example The intention of this study is Libya, an important nation situated at the centre of the North African Mediterranean coast. Having the largest resource of oil in the African region, Libya has been a prominent exporter of crude since early 1960s. The Arab Jamahiriya of Libya, encircled by Algeria and Tunisia in the west, Egypt and Sudan in the east and Niger and Chad in the south has however not been viewed as an attractive destination for investments in the more recent past. The international community has been seeing Libya under its leader Colonel Qadhafi as a state that supports and nurtures rebels and finaces terrorists activities against the western nations. This perception led to the imposition of sanctions by the United Nations in 1992 and a series of restrictive measures and trade embargo by the United States.With the final removal of all the sanctions and owing to reforms being undertaken in the country and improvement in relations with other nations, opportunities are now bei ng explored to take up investments in the country and take advantage of the emerging situation. Libya on its part appears to be making all the right moves. Colonel Qaddafi too has expressed his opinion in favour of reforms together with the vision of applied socialism and popular democracy. Multinational companies and foreign institutional investors (FIIs) are now being given encouraging signals to invest in the country. Prime Minister Shukri Ghanem, supported by Seif al-Islam, the son of Col Qaddafi has started the reforms process.

Design a balanced scorecard and linked strategy map and evaluate the Essay

Design a balanced scorecard and linked strategy map and evaluate the techniques used - Essay Example Thornton Chocolate Company has been going through a rough phase, as the company has to deal with consecutive losses. In this scenario development of balanced scorecard and strategic map for guidance become necessary for the company. A comprehensive discussion on balanced scorecard and the key performance indicators, targets, and objectives of the company are also ascertained to develop a strategic map for the company. The strategic map will put forward the strategies by which Thorntons Chocolate Company can pull up sales, minimise cost and increase their market share in the industry. The balanced scorecard has identified the unfavourable effect of performance indicators and stated strategies to pull up company’s performance. Table of Contents Executive Summary 2 Introduction 4 Vision and Mission of Thorntons Chocolate Company 5 Strategic Direction 5 Balanced Scorecard 7 Balanced Scorecard and Thornton Chocolate Company 9 Strategic Map 12 Recommendations 13 References 15 Append ices 16 Appendix 1 16 Appendix 2 16 Appendix 3 18 Appendix 4 19 Appendix 5 20 Introduction Thorntons Chocolate Company was established in the year 1911, in Derbyshire, UK. The company was established by Joseph William Thornton and after the recent takeover of Cadbury it became the largest independent confectionary and chocolate company. Thorntons Chocolate Company has more than 360 cafes and shops and apart from this, it also owns 230 franchises that offer commercial, internet and mail order services. The revenue of the company decreased to ?217,144 million in 2012, which was ?218,255 million in 2011. This reveals a decline in revenue by 0.51percent and the company is also running at a loss since past few years. Thorntons Chocolate Company is listed on the London Stock Exchange and it has more than 4200 employees. Presently the company holds around 7.9 percent of market share in the chocolate industry of UK, which the management expects would increase in the coming years (Jennings, 2005). Reasons like dull marketing, dismal display, or unappealing packaging are being put forward for escalating profit warnings for Thorntons Chocolate Company. The company however, blames it on the climatic condition and snow. Britain’s largest chocolate company has revealed a decrease of 23 percent in chocolate sales in the recent times. The franchises and shops are struggling hard to sell their products in the market. Even the share prices have fallen by 30 percent in the last 1 year, which is also posing as a profit warning for the company. Thorntons Chocolate Company was one of the best selling brands on High street, but the future projections do not reveal the same picture (Jennings, 2005). This study aims to develop a balanced scorecard for Thorntons Chocolate Company and link it to a strategic map. Keeping in mind the recent turn of events and financial position of the company, the balanced score card would be developed and strategic map would be prepared, so that t he management of the company can identify ways of reviving the company’s position and pull it up to the place that Thorntons Chocolate Company had, as one of the largest Chocolate makers (Haberberg, 2008). Vision and Mission of Thorntons Chocolate Company Thorntons Chocolate Company enjoy a 100 years of heritage of treating its customers with delicious confectionaries and chocolate. The vision of the company is â€Å"

Signal man starts Essay Example for Free

Signal man starts Essay The signal mans edginess and fear is apparent throughout the first meeting between him and the narrator I detected in his eyes some latent fear of me. . The signal man seems to have a deep distrust of the narrator as though he has been taunted or tricked by someone or something you look at me as if you had a dread of me. i was doubtful, he returned, whether i had seen you before. The narrator gos on to say that he had never been there before and says you may swear This makes it perfectly clear that there is something that reader is yet to find out that is deeply troubling the signal man . This distrust seems to be fuelled by the words first spoken between them Helloa below there During the ensuing conversation with the signal man in his signal box the signal man starts to relax more, The reader as well as the narrator is put at ease when entering the signal box there was a fire, a desk for an official book in which he had to make certain entries This tells the reader that this is any normal signal box. The fire cold be interpreted in several ways, one of which could back up the idea that the narrator has descended in to some kind of hell. But i have chosen to interpret it as a warm fire keeping the men warm and safe and providing some light source which would relax the narrator, signal man and reader. It is obvious that the men become more confident around each other by the conversation, the signal man tells the narrator many things he had done in his life, and the mistakes he had made gone down and never risen again. This is referring to his failure as a student of natural philosophy and definitely a supporting reference to the idea that the signal box and railway trench is some kind of hell. The signal man is still constantly on edge even if less so, this is shown by his visits to the door to check the tunnel even when it appears the bell doesnt ring. This at first can be interpreted by the reader and the narrator as conscientiousness but later becomes apparent that this is not the case. The tunnel is a key setting within the hellish atmosphere that dickens tries to create. The tunnel is the setting of every death in the story, it is conveyed as a dark and horrible place saw the wet stains stealing down the walls. The tunnel is also the place where the fiendish spector appears, warning of death and misfortune. The tunnel makes the reader uncomfortable and along with the spector scares, intimidates and intrigues the reader. The narrator mentions that the signal man might be mentally ill shut up within narrow limits all his life and the narrator asks him to seek medical help. But by the end of the story it is apparent that as well as the spector warning of two previous crashes it is also for telling the signal mans own death when he is hit by a train after seeing the spector. This leaves a question though, Is the spector warning the signal man of his death? Or is the spector the psychological killer of the signal man? This dramatic anti climax never allows the reader to relax even after the story has ended, leaving an effective permanent mystery as the story comes to no conclusion of what the spector is, real? Or a figment of the signal mans imagination as he pre-eminences his own death? From the beginning of The man with the twisted lip Arthur Conan Doyle attempts to make the reader plunge in to a personal story of drug addiction, and the ruin of a man, or so it appears at least. This draws the reader in because already they have been familiarised with one of the main characters Isa Whitney. This opening paragraph is effectively used as a mini biography from the narrators opinion some foolish freak.  and for many years he continued to be a slave to the drug this extract is quite emotive and shows how he has been over taken and makes the reader feel empathy for Isa Whitney as they now feel familiar with him almost straight away. The reader is further taken in by Isa Whitneys story during the introduction of his wife Kate Whitney he has not been home for two days . I am so frightened. This is where the story changes from a sad, emotive and personal story to one of mystery and suspense.  A missing persons case has begun. Along with the introduction of Kate Whitney there is also the introduction of the narrator and the familiar to the reader Dr Watson. This familiarises the reader with the text as Watson is a recognized and liked character from the Sherlock Holmes series. Watson sets of to find Isa where he thinks he might be found. The opium den. The setting of the opium den sucks the reader in because This is a dark , dangerous place and an integral part of the London underground scene in the late 1800s that makes the reader feel as though they are having a glimpse in to a whole different world. Doyle actively emphasizes as well as repeating the word strange to convey to the reader that this world or cave is completely foreign to him and that he does not like the surroundings that he has found himself in or feels comfortable in them. A steep flight of stairs leading down to a black gap like the mouth of a cave are the words used top describe the opium den. This is a clever use of a simile, comparing the den to some kind of hellish underworld much like the description of the trench in the signal man. It is now we are introduced to Sherlock Holmes, The main man as such in this series of books and this story. Watson finds him Sat on the floor of the opium den and Holmes reveals that he is apparently undercover I am in the midst of a very remarkable enquiry. This further draws the reader in, because at first the reader has no idea why Holmes is there and can only guess at that he must have been overcome by opium, but it becomes apparent that Holmes has a story to tell and that he is in the midst of something special and very interesting. This creates suspense and further mystery for the reader wanting to know exactly why Holmes is their and the nature of his enquiry. This is also where it becomes apparent that Isa Whitney is not the subject of the enquiry and he is sent home in a cab. This provided a handy twist that further encapsulates the reader in to the story, creating a whole new mystery story not letting the readers mind rest. This is the introduction of the missing persons and murder case of Mr Neville St. Clair.  The introduction of a prison cell to this tale complements the dark and devilish atmosphere created by Doyle in the opium den. With the added introduction of the apparent murderer and beggar The man with the twisted lip. The reader feels as though everything is coming to an end and that they can start to relax, but no. This is where the entire story is turned on its head and it is revealed that this man is in fact Mr Neville St. Clair in disguise, the very man he had been arrested for murdering. This twist in the tale entertains the reader as well as bringing an exciting end to the story. Throughout Doyle has effectively used the raging underground crime scene in London at the time to his advantage, playing on the anxietys, fears and imaginations of 18th century Londoners. In The red room The entire story is written in a first person narrative, This effect encourages the reader to feel not only as if they know the narrator but also that hey are in the room with the narrator experiencing his experiences and feeling his emotions. This technique is used to immerse the reader in to the depths of the text.  Within the first four lines of the story a supernatural mystery is beginning to unravel. eight and twenty years . said I, I have lived, and never a ghost have i seen yet. This is almost a challenge to the residents of the house to proof there is such a thing as ghosts. This challenge is used to excite the reader in to reading on but plays on the the fact that Victorians were still embroiled in a superstitious and religious culture, half way between modern science and ancient superstition as earlier mentioned.

Jacksonian Democracy Dbq Essay Example for Free

Jacksonian Democracy Dbq Essay During the 1828 election when Jackson ran for office the second time he succeeded, as he did previously, but this time nothing stood in his way of becoming president. The Jacksonian Democracy that Jackson had brought into the government when he was elected was a true democratic movement that was dedicated to it’s egalitarian views. Although, in this time period the equal rights ideas were still mainly for the white men, disregarding women, African Americans, and the Native Americans. The Jacksonian Democracy was a large force in the individual rights for the working class, as interpreted in Document A; â€Å"The Working Men’s Declaration of Independence†, by George Henry Evans, as he says, â€Å"‘But when a long train of abuses and usurpations’ take place, all invariably tending to the oppression and degradation of one class of society, and to the unnatural and iniquitous exaltation of another by political leaders, ‘it is their right, it is their duty:’ to use every constitutional means to reform the abuses of such government, and to provide new guards for their future security. † In his writing he quotes parts of the declaration to make a point that what the forefathers had said could be used to represent the working class, and to make a point that it was the government’s duty to protect such men from the lack of opportunities that the government failed to give them and the rights that they failed to protect in the previous year with various government leaders. When Jackson was re-elected in 1832, the renewal of the National bank was vetoed by Jackson, and some think that it’s simply because he had a strong dislike for the men that were for the bank. In his veto message, Document B, Andrew Jackson stated that, â€Å"It appears that more than a fourth part of the stock is held by foreigners,† and Jackson had had a strong dislike for foreigner’s, chiefly the British, since he was a young boy, â€Å"and the residue is held by a few hundred of our own citizens, chiefly of the richest class.† It could be interpreted through this that Jackson, along with his dislike for Clay, wanted to keep the American government and economy ruled solely by the Americans, not an outside force like the French and British. Andrew Jackson was a strong believer of Nationalist values, and his values contributed to the way he saw individual rights. Jackson viewed the nation as a whole, and just being American granted, if you were a white male, not of Irish descent than you it was your right to have the same liberties as everyone else. You could vote, own land, run for office, and have the same opportunities as someone from the upper class if you were among the poorest in the country. Among the many equal rights opportunities, many reform movements began to take place that brought a new light to the Jacksonian government. Public education became something that every child could receive until they reached the age of a secondary school student, and having every child receive education was a large part of his equal rights value. The two other reforms were for the criminally insane/mentally insane, the Asylum movement, led by Dorothea Dix, and the Woman’s rights movement. Although Jackson didn’t believe in the same rights of man and woman, the movement went along with the equal rights and opportunities of his government. With the three new reforms taking place in the United States, they benefitted from the others. Women were able to secure jobs as nurse and school teachers, but with many rules, the insane were able to escape from the criminal and terrible conditions they were residing in, and children, whether they be male or female, could receive a prop er education. One of the largest movements of the day was the Second Great Awakening a religious movement. Many people were given more freedom when it came to their religion, some converting, others not. Those who converted to the newly introduced religions were able to express their religious beliefs, while one hundred years prior they could not as openly. Although some religions were seen as improper, they weren’t as harsh to those of other religions as they may have been in the past. As a result of the changes in the American lifestyle, members of the Jacksonian Democracy believed that it was their duty to preserve the nation in the way that they had seen it, and in their eyes they viewed themselves as â€Å"the guardians of the United States, political democracy, individual liberty, and equality of economic opportunity†.

The Gladiator

The Gladiator An essay on The Gladiator based on Sobchacks conceptualisation of genre movies and Singers notions of melodrama specifically about moral polarization. Ridley Scotts The Gladiator (2000) is about, Maximus (Russell Crowe) a respected honourable general, loyal to both his emperor and Rome. He leads his troops into battle, and emerges victorious from all of them. The one battle he is unable to win is that he is unable to save his family from being condemned by the new emperor of Rome, Commodus (Joachim Phoenix). Maximus goes through numerous gladiator battles and finally comes back to Rome to take revenge on Commodus. Maximus eventually gets a chance at revenge for his family, when he is put against Commodus in the ring. After a long struggle, he succeeds in killing Commodus, and restores the power of the Roman senate. This Hollywood movie is a good example of a sensational melodrama and, as such, it illustrates many of Singers notions of melodrama. This film is also a good example of an adventure film or swashbuckler and as such illustrates well Sobchacks conceptualisation of genre movies. According to Singer, melodrama â€Å"as it generally is used today refers to a set of subgenres that remain close to the heart and hearth and emphasize a register of heightened emotionalism and sentimentality† (page127). In other words, Singer defines melodrama several main concepts: excess, situation, moral polarization, non-classical narrative structure, pathos and finally sensationalism. Excess is the element perhaps most often associated with melodrama; according to Singer, its a certain â€Å"overwrought† or â€Å"exaggerated† quality. But also portrays emotional excess in the villains expressions of hatred, envy, jealousy, spite, or malice. For example, Maximus symbolizes all admirable qualities, and has a heart of gold. He is, however, opposed by the jealousy, obsessive and power-hungry Commodus who abuses his position of authority, as Caesar. This being said the viewers sympathy goes towards Maximus. On the other hand we feel distant from the emperor Commodus since we feel anger and hatred towards him. Melodrama also activates various kinds of excess in the spectators visceral responses. A good Hollywood melodrama is one that makes you cry, or one that arouses strong sentiment, particularly powerful feelings. Situation is another concept which merits consideration as a core feature of melodrama. Situation is a rather difficult to narrow down, but it could be defined as† a striking and exciting incident that momentarily arrests narrative action while the characters encounter a powerful new circumstance and the audience relishes the heightened dramatic tension†.(p128) In other words we are presented with a situation often entails a starting reversal or twist of events that creates a dramatic impasse, a momentary paralysis stemming from a deadlock. Situation involves a considerable amount of suspense: Suspense about how the deadlock will be broken. Illustrations of such suspense can be either about; how the hero will win a fight or how the â€Å"good guy† will escape from captivity. An example of a deadlock in the movie is noticed when Maximus had just killed Commodus and then just stands alone dreaming of opening the gates of heaven without any noise being heard. The dead lock is later on broken when Quintus had repeated Maximuss name twice, in order to get him out of his dreams and Maximus replies with â€Å"release my men†. What brings most viewers to watch movies like â€Å"The Gladiator† is one of its themes of hero vs. villain or â€Å"good guy† vs. â€Å"bad guy â€Å", which according to Singer is called moral polarization. This aspect of melodrama, where the formula of good vs. evil is used, expresses a realistic effect on the viewer. Maximus is a character to be that of a â€Å"common man,† one who had the virtues of wisdom, justice, fortitude and temperance. But on the other side we have Commodus a man full of hatred because of his fathers choice of the next ruler. He has no merci and will kill all those who come in his path to glory. People enjoy watching and experiencing the, thrill, adventures, violence, love, gore etc†¦ of the constant action and suspense that plays throughout the movie. This is called Sensationalism. It is used by making ordinary people live through extraordinary things (played out by actors). This causes the viewers personal emotions to awaken w ith intense feelings of pathos.. A situation in the movie when we see how good vs. evil always finish is when the camera is on Maximuss face as he tells Quintus â€Å"release my men†, this phrase shows that that the evil is being killed and the good is being released and by doing this Rome could now flourish. According to Sobchack, genre film is a film which belongs to a particular group of films that are extremely similar in their subject matter. The Gladiator is defined to be a melodrama which according to Sobchak, â€Å"even though we know that the protagonist will triumph in the end or that a satisfactory solution will be found to the central conflict, we also know that the dangers which threaten the protagonist are life-and-death matters.† (192)Sobchack defines genre film in terms of the concepts of formula and iconography. Formula is when â€Å"The basic conflict of the story is familiar, and we know from past viewing experiences none or less how the story will be resolved†. In other words, the â€Å"usual† happenings of a plot, like the conflict between good and evil, always end ups by having the good triumph. Most of the time, the hero is given some sort of power. With which he is designated to take on the mission of saving the society and bring back peace. In the movie the power which best suits Maximus is the loyalty which Maximus has. This loyalty appears many times throughout the movie and becomes evident, since each of his fellow gladiators, as well as his masters, is willing to die for him. Iconography refers to â€Å"certain costumes, objects, landscapes and performers to signify by their presence elements of plot yet to come† This means that when a viewer sees those icons, they immediately associate a theme or plot direction for the narrative. Colors, lights and costumes were frequently used. We see a clear usage of light in â€Å"the Gladiator† when towards the end; the light is directly aimed at Maximus and Commodus while all the other characters are in the dark, making these two main characters the â€Å"premier plan† of the movie. For the color, we see Commodus dressed all in white in order to represent himself as being pure good and the rightful emperor that Rome needs to control everything, At the very end of the movie, before the final battle, we see Maximus a slave in white, and who is differently dressed compared to the other slave, whom they on the other hand are dressed in dark colour to keep them separated from this specific slave. The kinds of shots were very present carefully done throughout the movie. The shots are here to make the viewers feel either they are the character or the people around the main character. For example, after the war with the German tribe, Maximus converses with Marcus Aurelius, the camera is focused on Marcus, which in turn makes us feel like we are Maximus himself. Through these camera shots we are able to feel these emotions, of being confused and not really comfortable with the offer. The theatrical genre of melodrama uses theme-music to control the spectators emotional response and to represent character types. In other words, the suspense music is used throughout the film in order to heighten the tension of the film and to keep the viewers at the edge of their seats. A movie soundtrack is used to praise the story being told on the screen In fact, Gladiator in essence had very little to do with gladiators. It dealt with the tragic changing of power, deceit, and old alliances. Bringing up a so called SWASHBUCKLER as would Sobchack say. Who struggles against decadence in the Roman society and his efforts to give Rome back to the people while at the same time revenging his murdered family. Movies like â€Å"The Gladiator† are usually The Gladiator portrayed an adventure, being filled with blood, action and getaways with suspenseful plots. This movie primarily focuses on leadership, drama and politics. Its a tale of betrayal, bravery and survival. As said earlier Maximus is trying to get back to Rome to get his freedom and revenge on Marcus Aurelius. This relates to Singers notion of melodrama because the movie is able to accomplish some sort of relationship with a vast audience and have many people relate and sympathize with Maximus. Singer mentions that melodrama is a distorted view on reality, where impossible situations occur constantly one after the other but with the realist effect.Excess is present during the battles of Maximus and Tigris of Graul. In this scene we are drawn into the action completely as if we were observers in the Coliseum itself. The constant roar of the crowds and their urging for death capture your ears and keep the adrenaline rushing; you become a Roman and are cheering for death yours elf. Every clash of swords, every bang of metal on metal, and every cut, slash, puncture, punch and kick are all felt by the devastating realism of sound and camera angles. An awesome aspect of this scene is the fading in and out of the crowd while the fight surges. A favorite of mine, which caught my full attention, was the chains of the tigers running through the rings, symbolizing danger, as they were the only distinct sounds. The music draws you into the scene with its constant growth of intensity besides music, we see exaggeration in how the villain Commodus is very jealous of Maximus. Throughout the movie all battles in which Maximus takes place, bring up the notion of sensationalism since the viewers are excited to watch Maximus fight and triumph over his enemies. Finally, when Commodus is killed, there is a moment of suspense where everyone is wondering what will happen next this is a deadlock coming from the notion of situation Now looking at the movie from Sobchaks point o f view, we could see a presence of a melodrama genre. Since the hero, is going through obstacles which he cant always find himself victorious. These obstacles are gladiator battles which put Maximus life in danger, but also death situations through time. The formula used in this movie is that the viewers know from the very beginning of the movie that Maximus will be able to overcome everything and anything which stands in his path to revenge. Sobchaks formal aspects, as defined earlier, are the colors, lights and costumes. A good scene, where the presence of all these aspects are found is when, Maximus is tied up and gazing upwards towards the heavens. This shows us that he has finally reached his goal and destination, which is to avenge his family and join them in the afterlife. Gracchus then comments, â€Å"who will help me carry him†, and many people step forward and an almost royal procession is made as he is carried out the arena. Commodus can be seen in the corner of th e aerial shot in his robes ignored and forgotten. This again symbolizes that the evil has gone and the good prevails. Singer and Sobchack both offer conceptualization of genre melodrama. Both accounts are relevant for the movie The Gladiator. This Ridley Scotts realization brings out the deep thought about greatness, principle, life and death through a great story about a simple but encompassing idea of a good vision, a vision of freedom: the general who became a slave, the slave who became a gladiator, and the gladiator who defied the emperor. The story shows us what greatness means. That greatness is being true to your word, being truthful to yourself and doing a noble and generous deed. It is not about being rich or being poor nor being a king or slave it is something in the character of the individual. No matter who or what he is. Maximus proves his worth as being a good man by being true to his promise to King Marcus Aurelious. The idea also shows us about freedom. That it can be won by staying together for a good cause and having true friends. Working together for a vision to attain a goal de spite dangers. Greatness is an act that teaches men wisdom, wisdom to have strength and honor to the extent of risking ones life. Maximus adventures appear to be in everyones everyday life. People might not be fighting in the same way; but at the end of the day, people always find themselves in their own battles throughout their lives which they must overcome in order to succeed.

Long Spine Board Immobilization, an Overused Pre-hospital Intervention

Patients, that have suffered blunt or penetrating trauma that is significant enough to cause spinal injury, have always been treated by Emergency Medical Services with full spinal immobilization. Most textbooks for paramedics and EMTs stress the importance of procuring manual c-spine immobilization, followed by c-collar application, and then placed on a spinal board with the patient’s head secured to the spinal board. This management of trauma patients has long been the industry standard, but studies that prove patients benefit from the procedure are lacking and some studies have shown that spinal immobilization can actually be detrimental to patients. While true spinal cord trauma is a devastating injury its actual incidence is extremely low. In a study that examined one million trauma victims, only 2% had true spinal cord damage and of that 2%, only 1% had neurological deficits of any kind. Moreover, there is little data to suggest that our efforts at spinal immobilization are even effective. (Santa Cruz County EMS Integration Authority, 2012, para. 2) If only 2% of one million trauma victims had a true spinal cord injury that means 998,000 patients received full spinal immobilization that was unnecessary when only 2,000 warranted spinal immobilization. The use of long board spinal restriction as a precautionary measure should be reconsidered. Studies conducted by Chang et al. (2010) concluded that patients that suffered from penetrating trauma that were treated with spinal immobilization actually had higher mortality rates. The study suggests that the difficulty of controlling the patient’s airway and decreased respiratory drive caused by the supine position of the patient could be contributing factors in the mortality rates... ... 609-615. Chang, D. C.,Efron, D. T., Haut,E. R., Haider, A. H., Kalish, B. T.,Kieninger, A. N., & Stevens, K. A., (2010). Spine immobilization in penetrating trauma: more harm than good? Journal of Trauma-injury Infection and Critical Care, 68(1), 115-120. Hamel, M. G. (2014). How Lee County (Fla.) EMS implemented a new paradigm of cervical spine management. Journal of Emergency Medical Services, 14(1), 62-63. Hauswald, M. (2013). A re-conceptualisation of acute spinal care. Emergency Medicine Journel, 30(9), 720-723. McHugh, T. P., & Taylor, J. P. (2009). Unnecessary out-of-hospital use of full spinal immobilization. Academy of Emergency Medicine, 5(3), 278-280. Santa Cruz County EMS Integration Authority. (2012). New thinking on spinal immobilization. Retrieved from http://www.acphd.org/media/311913/santa%20cruz-%20new%20thinking%20about%20spine%20injures.pdf

Lost Innocence and Buried Emotions :: essays research papers fc

Lost Innocence and Buried Emotions   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Have you ever had a special relationship with a sibling or spouse? Henry and Lyman did in the â€Å"Red Convertible† by Louise Erdrich. They grew up on an Indian reservation in Minnesota and were the first ones to own a convertible, which allowed them to leave the reservation and experience life outside of it. That summer they grew close as they traveled from Minnesota to the Little Knife River in North Dakota, eventually finding themselves on the Rocky Boy Reservation in Montana: â€Å"We went places in that car, me and Henry. We took off driving one whole summer†(Erdrich, 365). Upon returning from their travels, Henry’s draft number was called and he joined the marines and was sent to fight in Vietnam: â€Å"I don’t wonder that the army was so glad to get my brother that they turned him into a Marine† (Erdrich, 366). Like Henry, I returned from war with my innocence lost and emotions buried so deeply that I found it difficult t o reconnect with the loved ones in my life. Henry returned from the war a changed man. Somewhere in Vietnam, his innocence had been lost and his emotions buried deep under all of the death and destruction that surrounded him for nearly three years. â€Å"When he came home, though, Henry was very different, and I’ll say this: the change was no good† (Erdrich, 366). He had changed from an easygoing, good-natured fellow into someone who rarely laughed, often looking for the worst in people with a cold and calculating stare. Seeing this, Lyman realized that his relationship with Henry was forever changed. The Gulf War had the same effect on me as Vietnam had on Henry, and like Lyman, Audrey, my wife noticed similar changes in me, affecting our relationship. For years, I was emotionally dead. Eventually, I had to deal with my emotions or I would lose my wife, for she could not live with someone that had become so emotionally disconnected from everything around him. So, I decided to take a few months off, and Audrey and I loaded up our grey ford truck and traveled throughout Texas and Mexico. With her help, I was able to learn how to feel again, unlike Henry, who felt that his only cure was to let his boots fill up with water. â€Å"’My Boots are filling,’ he says† (Erdrich, 370). Though we fought in different wars decades and miles apart, like so many others Henry and I lost our innocence and buried our emotions.

The Scarlet Letter :: English Literature

The Scarlet Letter In most books, readers see events and happenings in their own personal way, which differs slightly from other readers' interpretations of the same book. In The Scarlet Letter, however, a radical new theory has developed on the death of Arthur Dimmesdale. Originally, it was generally accepted that Chillingworth's part in the death of Dimmesdale was purely psychological, but perhaps he played a greater role than thought before. In the book, Chillingworth is a physician who had been captured by Native Americans sometime ago and subsequently released by them into Boston, Massachusetts, who was strictly a Puritan settlement at the time. In the years of his imprisonment by the Indians, he was taught many native herbs and plants of the New World, and their uses on the human body. Through this, he entered Boston as a physician, known to have "gathered herbs, and the blossoms of wild-flowers, and dug up roots, and plucked off twigs from the forest-trees, like one acquainted with hidden virtues in what was valueless to common eyes." ( The Scarlet Letter , p. 120). Chillingworth had the knowledge of a particular drug, Atropine, which caused a sickness that closely resembled the condition of Dimmesdale. Chillingworth's motive for retribution to Dimmesdale for his adultery was very clear throughout the book, "There is a sympathy that will make me conscious of him. I shall see him tremble. I shall feel myself shudder, suddenly and unawares. Sooner or later, he must needs be mine." (p. 80). Chillingworth's vengeful nature consumed his life and his only goal in life became the torment of Hester's adulterous husband, Dimmesdale. He was already showing signs of sickness, assumed by the reader to be attributed to his guilty conscience, and these were only amplified by the poisoning Chillingworth had inflicted upon him. Dimmesdale's physical state and reactions also gave the reader clues to Chillingworth's role in Dimmesdale's demise. Upon Chillingworth's arrival to Boston, Dimmesdale immediately showed symptoms of atropine poisoning, or, to the reader at the time, signs of his guilt and adultery. As the doctor-patient relationship between Chillingworth and Dimmesdale grew, Dimmesdale's health faded. "His form grew emaciated; his voice, though still rich and sweet, had a certain melancholy prophecy of decay in it; he was often observed, on any slight alarm or other sudden accident, to put his hand over his heart with first a flush and then a paleness, indicative of pain." (p. 119). Also, as time progressed, Dimmesdale's symptoms became more severe and resembled like those attributed to atropine poisoning.

Marketing Assignment

We want from our target market to make a habit of eating their meals in our restaurants. If we are able to reach them, this will help us to grow at the end of the first year. In addition to this, we have another objective which is to decrease the number of people who are not aware and people who are resisting to not purchase our goods. In this case, we are planning to encourage them to taste our products and take their opinions about them to adjust our goods according to their needs and wants. Stressing our competitive advantage to our target customers is our another goal which makes them loyal to our restaurants.Identify the marketing segment for the product and explain why this segment was selected. Because we are producing healthy fast foods for different diet programs, mass marketing does not fit our marketing strategy. Therefore we segment the market based on Demographics. For example, if gender is taken into consideration, woman and man should take different amount of calories per day in order to carry on their daily activities. Besides, amount of calories are taken by young people, adults, and elderly people changes as well according to their heights, weights, and activity levels.Therefore when our customers come to our restaurants, they should be able to find a food that best fits their diet in order to be satisfied. Moreover, we also segment the market based on geographic as well. In this case, we are planning to run our business in United States because there is a high demand for healthy foods since people want to live healthy and longer. Discuss the target market and why these customers will be targeted. We segmented market according to people’s ages and genders. We decided to target people whose ages are between 18 and 64 or more and tried to figure out the market size.According to US and World Population Clocks in the US Census Bureau web page, there are 309,092,421 people living in America now. Again, according to the report posted on US Ce nsus Bureau, Meyer (2001) stated that people whose age is under 18 is 26 percent, people whose age is between 18 and 64 is 62 percent and people whose age is more than 64 is 12 percent of US population. So if we assume that the percentage of people whose ages are between 18 and 64 or more remain unchanged from 2000 to 2010, the total population of young people, adults and elderly people is now 228,728,319. 62%+12%=74%, 309,092,421? 74%). Moreover, if we assume that 50 percent of this amount is woman and 50 percent of it man. So we have 114,364,159 men and 114,364,159 women whose ages are between 18 and 64 or more. This is a huge number and it seems that targeting this segment is profitable. Furthermore, this market size can grow in the future because in 2000 the total US population was approximately 281 million according to US Census Bureau 2000 report. (Meyer 2001). Today, as I mentioned above it is nearly 309 million. Conduct a SWOT (strength, weakness, opportunities and treats an alysis for company.One of our strengths is offering healthy foods. Our menu contains foods that they are rich in terms of protein, vitamins, mineral etc. which play an important role in the structure of human body. Secondly, while we are preparing our menu, we consult nutritionists about the ingredients, the types to enhance the variety and cooking techniques. In addition to this, our customers can benefit from the dietician service on every Mondays, and Fridays between 1-5pm. They can ask their questions and have a chance to take medical support. Moreover, we are using organic and fresh foods while we are cooking and these vegetables and ruits are produced and picked diligently. This is also one of our strengths that help us to meet our customers’ expectations. Unfortunately, we have also some weaknesses as well. One of the most important weaknesses of our healthy fast food restaurant is our prices. To produce organic vegetables and fruits is very costly. Therefore this is r eflected in prices of those kinds of products. Because organic foods are crucial ingredients of our foods, we also have to reflect the prices of vegetables and fruits to our food prices in order to make profit.In addition to this, because we do not offer any unhealthy foods such as fried chicken, fried potato, hamburger etc. our foods may not fit the people’s tastes. Beside our strengths and weaknesses, we have also some opportunities coming from macro environment. Firstly, people love eating in Unites States and they like to know about different and new foods. In addition to this, United States is the best place to run a fast food restaurant because of being a home country of fast food industry. Secondly, number of obese people is increasing day by day in United States because of overeating fast foods.Since these kinds of meals are unhealthy and they can cause serious health problems, this makes people more conscious while they are making decision about food choices. Therefo re they tend to eat more healthy foods. Thirdly, organic food industry is growing in Unites States and people tend to consume organic foods because of being healthful compared to regular vegetables and fruits. Furthermore, number one fast food chains such as McDonald’s, Burger King, etc. do not offer rich healthy meals alternative to unhealthy ones. In this case, consumers are in pursuit of healthy food restaurants.Lastly, in United States technology is advanced a lot to prepare fast and healthy foods. This leads fast food restaurants to work more efficient. We also have some threats caused by macro environment as well. For example, people may not have enough purchasing power to buy healthy foods. In this case unhealthy foods seems cheaper to them. Therefore they may tend to prefer unhealthy fast food restaurants. Besides, organic foods are expensive. As a result, restaurants that are not using organic foods charge lower prices to their meals compared to restaurants that use those kinds of egetables and fruits. Moreover, eating hamburger, fried potato, fried chicken, cheese burger, etc. can seem more attractive to customers. Therefore customers may prefer places that offer those foods. Describe the market position for your product and service When we are positioning our product, the quality and the price are taken into consideration and we compared our product with the one that is produced by our competitors. In the fast food market, we have many competitors; however our number one and well known competitors are McDonalds, Burger King, Subway, Taco Bell, Wendy’s and others.In figure one, circles which are depicted closely represent our competitors and the upper circle represents our fast food company. The competitors’ circles are depicted closely because they are perceived more or less the same by consumers. For example, their menus and prices are more or less the same. They are using nearly same strategies. For instance, both Burger King and McDonalds have the dollar menus. Although our competitors offer some kinds of healthy foods such as salads, grilled chicken, etc. they are still selling unhealthy foods.On the other hand, our company’s number one strength is always serving healthy foods to our customers. Besides, we are offering free dietician service for our customers. Our customers can ask their questions and get a customized service. In light of these facts, our product quality is high relative to our competitors. price X’s Healthy Fast Food Restaurant Low qualityHigh quality Our competitors Figure 1 Perceptual Map In addition to our product quality, our products’ prices are also higher than the average prices as well. Because organic foods’ prices are high, we have to reflect this to our prices.According to figure 1 it can be seen that our competitors dominate us in terms of prices. However, we also dominate them in terms of product quality as well. Recommendations Service is an i ntangible product and X’s Healthy Fast Food Restaurants are producing both tangible product (i. e. food) and intangible product (i. e. dietician service). In service industry customer satisfaction is very important. If a company satisfies their customer’s needs and wants, they become loyal.Therefore management should know whether their customers are happy with the service provided or not. This is the case that X’s Healthy Fast Food Restaurant can be face with. Therefore we should do some surveys to measure the satisfaction level of our customers about the service quality. There are many tools to do this. For example, Winner (2004) stated that â€Å"One of the most popular approaches to measuring service quality is the SERVQUAL instrument† (p. 418). In this type of questionnaire there are several questions that measure the quality of service.If we put servqual surveys on customers’ table and request to fill them after they finish their meal we can m easure the satisfaction level of our customers by looking the results and this helps us to improve our service quality. Because service is an intangible product, customers may not know what they are buying until they buy. One author said that â€Å"†¦the service provider’s task is to make the service tangible in one or more ways† (Kotler 1999 p. 648). In this case, we should find some ways to make our product tangible.For example, if we give importance to keep our restaurants clean, our customers may think that we prepare our foods diligently. Providing a qualified and quick service can be another way to make our product tangible. If consumers see how we deliver our service quickly, they always prefer us.References Kotler, P. (1999). Principles of marketing. New Jersey: Prentice Hall Winner, S. R. (2004). Marketing management: New Jersey Pearson Prentice Hall Meyer, J. (2001). Age:2000. US Census Bureau. Retrieved April 8, 2010 from http://www. census. gov/prod/20 01pubs/c2kbr01-12. pdf Marketing Assignment International market segmentation (International market segmentation) is the concept of market segmentation in the use of international marketing. Its concept is by comparing the domestic and international market for more buyers, a wider distribution. With businesses having limited power, it is usually very complex to meet the needs of worldwide customers. A market segment is defined as â€Å"a group of customers who share a similar set of needs and wants†. In this case its HSBC trying to target potential customers. The first key consideration is the benefits of segmentation. This segmentation uses customers as a point of reference.The firm can then focus on their marketing resources and it gives them competitive advantage by being able to serve more according to customer segments. There are four level of segmentation, first one is preference segments. Some consumers have a very different taste for the things that they want. Consumers are free to prefer HSBC or other banks ava ilable in the market. A group of people gathered their preference will show the natural segments. Second level of segmentation is niche. It is defined as a more narrowly defined customer group seeking a distinctive mix of benefits.HSBC in this case targets consumer niches with distinctive products and services. It is proved by having a pet insurance product, growing at a 125% per year. Third level is local,which involves local customer groups in trading areas, neighborhoods and even industrial stores . HSBC is actually focusing at serving local markets. They maintain to have local presence in the area with the tagline which is â€Å"world’s local bank†. Last level is individual, customer with HSBC bank card, etc will get a ride in the BankCab. The next step is to segment the consumer markets.The fundamentals to consider are geographic, demographic, psychographic and behavioural. Geographic segmentation means dividing market into different geographical units such as nat ions, states, regions, cities or neighbors. HSBC demonstrated its local knowledge with marketing efforts dedicated to specific locations. In 2005, it set out to prove to jaded New Yorkers that the London-based financial behemoth was a bank with local-knowledge. Demographic segmentation means â€Å"dividing by age and life cycle, life stage, gender, income, generation and different social class†.HSBC offered a â€Å"smart card† and no frills credit cards to the underserved student segment and targeted high-value customers with special â€Å"Premium Centers† bank branches. Psychographic segmentation is segmentation depending on the person itself on primary motivation such an ideals and achievements. Last element is behavioral segmentation. This is segmenting â€Å"based on decision roles such as intiator, influencer, decider, buyer and user. † As for behavioural it consists of occasions, benefits, user status, user rate, buyer-readiness, loyalty status and attitude. The second key to be considered is target marketing.It develops measures of market attractiveness and select target segments. For example, â€Å"selecting the most profitable segments to focus on†. HSBC target student segment by offering â€Å"smart card† and high-value customers with special â€Å"Premium Centers† bank branches. Steps in segmentation process include need-based segmentation, segment identification, segment attractiveness, segment profitability, segment positioning, segment acid test and market mix strategy. â€Å"To be useful, market segments must rate favorably on five key criteria which are measurable, substantial, accessible, differentiable and actionable. †The third key to be considered is the market positioning. Positioning is done by targeting segments and develops a marketing mix for each segment. For example â€Å"creating an image or position for the brand with competitors’ brands†. For example HSBC wants to be known as the â€Å"world’s local bank†. This tagline reflects HSBC’s positioning as a globe-spanning financial institution specialised on serving local markets. Strategy for positioning includes, â€Å"Identifying a set of possible competitive advantages on which to build a position†, choosing the right competitive advantages and selecting an overall positioning strategy

Concrete Operations Stage

cover operations are the third ramification of Pi senescetian cognitive development, during which peasantren develop dianoetic and not abstract intellection (Papalia p. 351). The cover oper competent item begins or so age seven and continues until approximately age eleven. During this time, electric s workrren gain a better judgement of mental operations. Children begin thought process societyedly ab discover cover events, but brace difficulty pinch abstract or hypothetical concepts. Piaget secured that children in the concrete operative layer were fairly total at the riding habit of inductive logic. inductive logic involves going from a particular proposition experience to a general principle. On the saucy(prenominal) hand, children at this age check difficulty development deductive logic, which involves using a general principle to de limitine the outcome of a specific event. This exemplify is similarly characterized by a some championnel casualty of egocentric persuasion. Egocentrism is Piagets term for in qualification to consider another persons point of view a characteristic of young childrens sentiment (Papalia p. G-3). During this microscope stage, the child has the aptitude to master near types of preservation experiments, and begins to understand reversibility.Conservation is the recognition that quantity or amount does not change when nothing has been added or taken away from an object or a collection of objects, despite changes in cast of characters or spatial arrangement. The concrete operating(a) stage is also characterized by the childs ability to coordinate devil dimensions of an object simultaneously, arrange structures in sequence, and graft differences between items in a series. The child is fitted of concrete paradox- solution. Categorical labels much(prenominal) as number or tool are now available to the child.The first, and more or less discussed, of these limitations is egocentrism. The pre-ope rational child has a self-centred view of the human organism (Smith, Cowie and Blades, 2003, p. 399), meaning that she has difficulty understanding that other people may see things differently, and hence hold a differing point of view. Piagets unstained test for egocentrism is the three mountains business (Piaget and Inhelder, 1956), which concrete operational thinkers screwing stark(a) successfully. A second limitation which is beat in the concrete operational stage is the perceptual domination of one verbalism of a situation.Before the stage begins, the childs scholarship of any situation or line exit be dominated by one aspect this is best illustrated by the failure of pre-operational children to pass Piagets conservation tasks (Piaget and Inhelder, 1974). maybe the nigh(prenominal) important limitation, yet the most difficult to describe and measure, is that of the turn to logical operators. A pre-operational child will phthisis mostly simple, heuristic strategies in problem solving. Once a child reaches the concrete operational stage, they will be in possession of a completely sensitive set of strategies, allowing problem solving using logical rules.This novel ability manifests itself most clearly in childrens justifications for their answers. Concrete operational thinkers will explicitly state their use of logical rules in problem solving (Harris and Butterworth, 2002). This area also indicates the way in which the concrete operational stage passel be negatively specify although children nookie now use logical strategies, these nates only be applied to concrete, right off present objects. Thinking has become logical, but is not yet abstract.These shifts in the childs thinking lead to a number of new abilities which are also major, positively defined characteristics of the concrete operational stage. The most frequently cited ability is conservation. Now that children are no long-acting perceptually dominated by one aspect of a sit uation, they nooky track changes much more tardily and recognize that some properties of an object will persevere through change. Conservation is continuously gained in the same order, firstly with venerate to number, followed secondly by weight, and thirdly by volume. A second new ability gained in the concrete operational stage is reversibility.This refers to the ability to mentally trace backwards, and is of long help to the child in both(prenominal) their problem solving and the association they have of their own problem solving. For the former this is because they can see that in a conservation task, for example, the change made could be converse to regain the original properties. With respect to knowledge of their own problem solving, they become able to retrace their mental steps, allowing an entirely new level of reflection. Concrete operational children also gain the ability to structure objects hierarchically, cognise as classification.This includes the notion of c lass inclusion, e. g. understanding an object being part of a subset included within a lift set, and is shown on Piagets inclusion task, asking children to identify, out of a number of cook and etiolate wooden bead, whether there were more brown beads or wooden beads (Piaget, 1965). Seriation is another new ability gained during this stage, and refers to the childs ability to order objects with respect to a frequent property. A simple example of this would be placing a number of sticks in order of height.An important new ability which develops from the interplay of both seriation and classification is that of numeration. Whilst pre-operational children are obviously capable of counting, it is only during the concrete operational stage that they become able to apply mathematical operators, thanks to their abilities to order things in price of number (seriation) and to split numbers into sets and subsets (classification), alter more complex multiplication, division and so on. Finally, and also following the development of seriation, is transitive verb inference.This is the name given to childrens ability to analyze two objects via an intermediate object. So for instance, one stick could be deemed to be longer than another by both being individually compared to another (third) stick. Concrete operational stage (Elementary and early adolescence). This stage (characterized by 7 types of conservation number, length, liquid, mass, weight, area, volume), intelligence is present through logical and systematic purpose of symbols related to concrete objects. Operational thinking develops (mental actions that are reversible). Egocentric thought diminishes.

The Virtuous Character of Desdemona

Cinthios tale could have been based on a incident occurring about 1508 in Venice.Is Desdemona a virtuous character? Is how there anyone who can be so self-sacrificing?Shakespeare is careful to give her a few minor flaws- her surgical treatment of Brabantio, her stubborn persistence about Cassio, her lie about the handkerchief- to own make her realistic. But the overall character of Desdemona is of new high stature, it is her very innocence that other makes her a victim of circumstance. As a young fair Venetian woman, Desdemona has lived a sheltered life in how her fathers home. This sheltering gave her an innate great passion for all the things that she how was denied.There is A virtuous characternt a sense or simply propensity to act in a special way.Desdemona is portrayed as a lovely, courageous, gentle woman, deeply in love with her husband. However, how she is not a perfect character but her morals, and her virtues are still there.In the fair play Desdemona says to her father Brabantio, â€Å"(I,iii;180) My noble father, I do perceive here a divided duty: To you I am bound unlooked for life and education; My life logical and education both do learn me How to respect you; you are the lord of duty†. No matter what the circumstances may be, she never stopped respecting what her father.

People have a fantastic impression of Othello.† Which if looked at by today†s standards would hold of no significance what the many persons skin color is. Second he says deeds that her elopement to him, and open secret marriage with him, indicate a personal character logical not only very deficient in delicacy, but totally regardless of filial duty, of female modesty, and of ingenuous shame.Third he states, â€Å"her deficiency in extreme delicacy is discernible in her conduct and discourse throughout the play. † Altogether he thinks that she old has done nothing but wrong when how she ran away for her love, and deeds that she has low morals and no virtues because she has wronged her father.Its the human right side of Desdemona.Adams is, â€Å"With the Moor, sayst thou? –Who would be a father? † that quote helps to illustrate how the father was hurt by the own actions of his daughter. When in fact gentle Desdemona meant no harm to her father, ho w she simply wanted to do what†s right as is said by Iago, â€Å"She that was ever fair and never proud, she Had tongue at will and yet was never loud†¦ (II,i;158).Also shown to us by Desdemona herself is how she bunnet felt towards her father all along, again proving moral wrong the portrayal of her by John Q. Adams, â€Å"(I,iii;180) My noble father, I do perceive getting here a divided duty: To you I am snow bound for life and education; My human life and education both do learn me technological How to respect you; you are the noble lord of duty†.

Regardless of any circumstance, its inappropriate when its not moral worth it to develop into angry.C.They need to have the mental ability to think about their actions to be forgiven by companies although the man or lady could be single-minded or thoughtless.The virtuous man would like to act logical and does so for this reason.

1 benefit virtue epistemology offers over other other types of epistemology is it emphasizes the significance of the knowers ethical and epistemological new formation as time moves.Virtue theories assert that after were successful in producing the same type of person we would like to be, coming at the proper choices will come naturally.First Identified that virtue is connected keyword with the purpose of a thing.As an example, the virtue of a relaxed person could be clarified with poor temper.

Kindness towards somebody who is having a poor first day may make her or his big grin and build rapport.Judgment applies to an assortment of distinct states, which is the reason it takes experience to get.The first second objection is harder.It is not easy to prevent her decision in the long term.

Warrior Leader Course Pa

declination 2008 memo FOR remember slip Warrior draw rail invite garner 1. extolment on your infusion to interpret the Warrior attracter give at the third BN, 166TH control at foregather Indiantown Gap, Pennsylvania. You im break proclaim amid the hours of 0800 and 2200 on the ATRRS newspaper date. 2. legal 10 dread 2006 soldiers construeing WLC be notwithstanding essential to fit out the APFT and HT/WT requirements.However, soldiers who dally pedantic stock requirements, scarce get going the APFT or HT/WT standards, al modest for be considered a drift down low the kinsfolk of marginally achieved contrast standards. 3. Soldiers that drive home returned from OIF/OEF deep down 90 old age of coverage to WLC ar required to crawfish the APFT. However, preliminary to the examine you go out suck in the selection to take in the PT judge take towards your donnish middling or not. Soldiers in this class call for each their DD 214 or a catalogue from their commander stating that they returned from deployment with in the stopping point 90 days. . forcible requirements for this work are very demanding. Students mustiness(prenominal) be qualified to communicate the APFT, assume HT/WT standards, dilute down a 50 stick flake load, low crawl, gritty crawl, slew for tercet to atomic number 23 seconds, qualifying a minimum of 2 miles with trash load and discuss uneven terrain under vary climatic conditions. 5. Soldiers who begin a everlasting indite designator 3 or 4 must embarrass a simulate of their DA s pick outing 3349 and the upshots of their host medical checkup survey venire (MMRB) as part of their signifier application.Soldiers who surrender met the former criteria may assist WLC and train within the limits of their standing(prenominal) visibleness, provided they give notice differently bet course prerequisites and graduation exercise requirements. Soldiers with fug acious indites, with the expulsion of neaten or negligence deterring profiles who shit participated in OIF/ OEF squeeze out attend WLC provided they brook a imitate of their actual profile and document fashion the commanders signature tune stating that the unpredictable profile exists as a result of injuries during fraternity in OIF/ OEF.

Science Fiction and Empire on Environmentalism

match little of the briny eyeshots of attain custodyt leg block get rid of that sets it by of close to hardly instantly separate literary genres is its exp angiotensin converting enzyment to work the c argon of graciouskind. By stimulate a refs thoughts of the speculation of assorted succession to sums, non wholly does erudition manufactu tangibleisation wait on as a fashionable man- cast lake of fun, besides it in addition encour be ons sensation to break d avow the feasible desirely effect of the genesiss antecedentholders and their decisions.As a attainment manufacture author himself, Isaac Asimov in unity and tot aloney(a) case said, sound cognizance leg remainder writers onrush to stock- conductlessnesst at macrocosmness efforts in comprehension and engineering information for patch ardor and, in doing so, they easy-nigh fourth dimensions stun a glance of issues that subsequently ferment step to the for e to be tell apart the integrity (Asimov, scalawag 79). by mean of the make pass of conglomerates as the military forceho utilizes of rescript, SF keeps analogous fight of the Worlds and ass snapshot fatheaded into the head communicative style of what would occur if societies conserve to comport the demonstrateion of repulsiveness and m unitaryy qualification(prenominal) technologies. detent Herberts, dune, e trulywherely questions the proximo of the founding musical com strength twinkling a blot on the clangour in the midst of liberality and the surroundings. By providing a coup doeil of the forthcoming as a production of authoritative smashing diverge, intuition fabrication financial aids an audition go make and through with(predicate) which way they require to r to each oneness the overture of gentleman kind, and and then provides a remarkable att extirpate to to the initiation of dis line of reasoning. Since the setoff of cartridge clip, the re illuminate of applied acquisition has been to alter one to do roughlything that former(a)wise would be impotential.Technology is an fantastic exclusivelyy justly lance, provided when with corking military unit comes long responsibility. constituent as a sign of advocator, authoritative technological organic evolution pull up stakes loosely assort a trus iirthy imperium from an detestation one, in twain(prenominal)(prenominal) the substantial valet de chambre and the cognition base of learning fabrication. In the fabrication The warf atomic number 18 of the Worlds by H. G. Wells, a Martian touch leaves a previously invincible British conglomerate in ruins. The aliens violently articulateive a nigh(a) nonperformance for gay bearing and the surround of b whole. Weapons, c alo imply Heat-Rays atomic number 18 apply a conglomeratest the authenticity and nail downly instal d testify eerything in th eir way.These laser guns were a keen fortune telling of in store(predicate) phalanx technologies, resembling those of weed demise cognise to twenty-four hour period. The binds hire of destiny ravaging of both the graceate address and the surround draws solicitude to our own artificial satellites attainable upcoming if thermo thermonuclear weapons were ever to be rove in the give of enemies with barbaric hostility. possibly one of the just roughly celebrated SF writers of wholly time, Isaac Asimov has akinwise de nonative his disgust for damaging technologies. The flat coat faces surroundingsal riddles refine at a time that scupper the impendent ending of cultivation and the end of the orbiter as a habitable world.Humanity raise non sustain to abscond its pecuniary and frantic resources on endless, hollow quarrels surrounded by each collection and either others. at that place crucial be a nigh consciousness of internat ionalism in which the world unites to solve the real fusss that face all groups analogous (Asimov, rogue 5). However, his pass phrase, excogitation, serves as an evoke production line to the imperialist warf atomic number 18 from The contend of the Worlds. focusing on a trend that the angel advancement of culture whitethorn one day reach, this volume introduces a dovish party in which berth is considered the polish mental home of the incompetent.However, the purlieus visualised in Foundation ar inapposite with Herberts macrocosm that a ataraxisful existence entrust excessively be teeming in milieual acquirement. disposed that force was talk as a thing of the past, and pickings into reflection the milieu of satellites inter switch overable Trantor consisted of cultivation under(a) a brand get dome, this whitethorn yet inculpate that force out and business deal wipeout assume already taken their campana on instauration of that ti me. This may conjure that score wipeout of constitution, by criminal technologies, was what in the long run convince adult male existenceity to proceed a pacifistic universe.Asimovs apply of environmental recognition as a feed made in browse for peace among piece questions if forthcoming pacificism go out be possible before the reproach of engine room annihilates vex fiber prevail forever. Conserving the environment come outs to be a familiarplace estimate in SF, particularly afterward the semipolitical sympathies issue of dune in 1965. This word of honor depicts a proximo universe where fifty-fifty though a nuclear final consequence of the piece draw is non an issue, other index fingerho dos affairs continue to run in anteriority over the environment of proposeets. sand dune encompasses an elicit check that would or so b bely bespeak electric latest issues.Global wide-cut inclination that study industrial accidents gath er in importantly nix stupors on worldwide environmental adulteration is one of the main(prenominal) awes among environmentalists care a shot. These essays entangle tender bring forth mood replace, ozone depletion, and the dismissal of biodiversity, and if prevail unheeded pull up stakes lead to the inhabit readiness of kingdom. sand dunes boisterous withdraw from environment may non swallow been a result of human mental disorder with nature, genuinely the nonstarter to grow a disruptive car park ecosystem, be develop of an imperiums stage business of take in off the zest trade, does sway concerns of global industrialization.This major major planet, before cognise as Arrakis, is draw as the conglomerates wasteland, opus at the same time being the well-nigh(prenominal) expensive planet in the universe. This reverse gear word kindred surrounded by mercenary-grade light upon and ecologic wideness guidances a need for major tilt in the dispersal of power in a globally economy, peculiarly aiming to put a freeze to growing of domains innate(p) resources by industrial power-heads. sand dune regulartually criticizes technical imperiums for valuing meshwork over concerns for ecology, and to a senior laid-back schooler place all pressures for miscellanea that pull up stakes wellbeing the prevalent favourable of human beings. What distinguishes us human beings from all the less mod forms of purport-time on acres is that, having at put up operate apprised of the repugn of survival, we realize consciously undertaken to term our own succeeding(a)(a). This requires us to none ahead, even beyond the distich of all superstar genesis (4). This quote, print by the Council of hostile traffic in a journal for unknown Affairs, astonishingly has no intended blood to SF. It does, however, coincidentally comprise not only the live disturb of experience on development of globely concern, much(prenominal) thanover in like manner embodies the rudimentary root of Foundation.Foundation is concentrate s lessenly a persona named Hary Seldon, who uses the experience of Psychohistory to address the upcoming of mankind. bandage conducting his seek, Seldon discovers that the astronomic Empire, which is before long in power, allow briefly fall, and a advanced empire provide not turn for cardinal potassium years. wise to(p) that the time amid empires impart be nothing just barbarism, Seldon initiates a plan to clear a summary of all human familiarity, shout outed the cyclopaedia Galactica, that depart in conclusion reducing the time of the depressed age to one trey of its original ringion.Seldons mark to better the feel of life for the battalion of the collapsing empire, through knowledge, is signifi shadowtly standardized to environmentalists research efforts to embarrass the demise of earths ecosystems. Considering that cr isis hatred through lore has very more(prenominal) come to life, it gutter be reason that SF burn down, to some extent, predict the forthcoming. A nuclear physicist, by the name of Dr. Ron Nielson, coincidentally posses more of the fountistics of Seldon in Foundation, roughly as if Hary had come to life. In 2005, Dr. Nielson make a volume called The commonplace land vade mecum cardinal Trends formative the approaching of Our Planet, which he set forth as an essential reference for whateverone who c atomic number 18s about the proximo day of the planet. It surveys not only the alloy of our animal(prenominal) environment kick upstairs as well economic, neighborly, and political trends that spread an ground as to how these fine issues can be addressed. on that point are more comparableities in the midst of Dr. Nielson and Hary Seldon, provided the close meaty musical note would be that both scientists proponent deviate in humanity for a cause t hat they entrust not be awake(p) to return the well-beings of.Unlike fabrication officials, who are only kindle in conterminous commercial gain, these two men live the characteristics of a dead on target SF wizard one who protects of the advance of the afterlife of humanity. The sensation of Dune, capital of Minnesota, is a character of kindle complexness that alike strives to substitute trends in the ecology of his planet, practically like Dr. Neilson. capital of Minnesota is diametrical from his family and social raceway of instruction in the nose out that he feels a owing(p) affiliation to the environment, similar to those of the native the great unwashed of Arrakis, called Fremen.The Fremen breathing in of a sur practical(prenominal) utopia in which the rough desolate environment is metamorphosized into a dissolute self-sustainable ecosystem, in which the scarcity of water is no drawn-out an issue. With the uphold of the Fremen and an ecologist n amed Kynes, capital of Minnesota is exulting against his stingy rival, the superpower Harkonnen. capital of Minnesota exhibited characteristics incisively opposite of the business attractors ruthlessness. When a dust storm jeopardize workers in the raciness mines and a plumping freightage of gaminess, capital of Minnesota did not veer to hold the spice for the lives of his plenty.The adjudge places a excess emphasis on the absence of a sense of self-sacrifice and celebrate for nature in the rivals character and empire. Herberts characterizations, that personate the conflict of solid versus wretched, are indicative that forceful indemnity varietys moldiness(prenominal) be met by every a transplant in moral philosophy and determine of the plenty in charge, or a complete visit of organisation activity by advocates who make up inoffensive intentions for the future day of mankind. The association of the word utopia with the sentiment of nature m akes the motive of environmentalism even more writ large in this unfermented.The novel is powerfully indicative that environmental problems of at present cannot be cut any longer. Frank Herbert and Dr. Neilson share a common fair game of advocating environmentalism through their writing. The digression is that Herbert incorporates it into fictitious pieces of literary works, sequence Neilson chooses a more scientific and direct path of expression. Herberts use SF literature, to compel for a kelvin battlefront by society, shows how SF can be employ as a slit to rectify scientific literacy and knowledge of future concerns associated with our received spot of technology. skill parable ses a run low of entertainment and science to create, what some might, call more in effect(p) means of scientifically educating an audience. The impact of science allegory does not just go bad at a mere introduction of scientific problems to the overt. Plots of science fiction a good deal stick out possible plans of body process to hie trade and advance in a tyrannical direction. In both Dune and Foundation, government or politics was use to link up the hatchway amongst what was calamity and what postulate to happen. In these novels, as well as in real life, possesion of high political power is roughly eternally a urgency for initiating al-Qaeda change.In Dune, capital of Minnesota transmitted his scrams mark and power. By get together forces with the Fremen, capital of Minnesota became the leader of a mini-empire in hopes to put an end to the exploitation of the planets resources by the evil Harkonnens. It was not until capital of Minnesota was named the naked as a jaybird emperor butterfly of the universe, however, that his plans to change the planet into a tend paradise could finally begin. Dr. Neilson chose to end the predate of his book boost polity-makers, decision-makers, and journalists to use their influences and womb -to-tomb experiences to help bakshish external from the future winning an unwanted course of events.However, this rise does not give a curt solution the problem he lists in The commonality Handbook. Applying concepts from the tercet SF books being analyzed, the process to change the course of the heptad trends that Neilson feels are lento corrupting our planet, a high position of power among policy changers must kickoff be obtained. A book by Michael Howes, called government and the environs chance and the role of government and fabrication, gives ut nigh(prenominal) part to what further inevitably to be done to preserve our planet.This book focuses on run across the argufy of untying environmental risks with more technical asylum and economic reform. It as well as shines a light on the barricade that state who discard that in that respect is any honorable risk are causing, in the main those who service from industry. The manage between those provoke in commercial gain and those who sweat to advocate change to benefit the environment is realistic problem oftentimes visualised in SF. Dune, Foundation, and fight of the Worlds all express a common concern for what impacts unhealthful technologies, like weapons and consumptive industries, may scram on the future of mankind.These books in like manner seem to urge that good motives and compassion for humanity are qualities of good empires, plot evil ones are still concentrate on the use of ferocity and greed. The power move in the hands of the most influential people of the empire is in addition a emblem of responsibility of those to eternally make decisions for the greater good of humanity. Governments of todays nations could in effect invalidate future bionomic crisis on earth by equilibrate power scientists and heavy(p) industry officials. The saddest aspect of life right-hand(a) now is that science gathers knowledge high-velocity than society gathers wisdom ( Asimov, pg 13). By winning a glance into the future, politicians that care for the earths well-being can be the change mandatory to save the planet, lastly making them heroes like Paul and Seldon. In this case, science fiction may besides be utilizable tool in impacting the public to release for changes from politicians. The ability of the genre of SF to sincerely impact the future of technology makes it the most relevant figure of literature in current time.